Malaria Info

Bangladesh

Capital: Dhaka
Altitude: 10 m

Yellow fever: Any person (including infants) who arrives by air or sea without a certificate is detained in isolation for a period of up to 6 days if arriving within 6 days of departure from an infected area or having been in transit in such an area, or having come by an aircraft that has been in an infected area and has not been disinfected in accordance with the procedure and formulation laid down in Schedule VI of the Bangladesh Aircraft (Public Health) Rules 1977 (First Amendment) or those recommended by WHO.

The following countries and areas are regarded as infected:

Africa: Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan (south of 15°N), Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia. America: Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.

Note: When a case of yellow fever is reported from any country, that country is regarded by the Government of Bangladesh as infected with yellow fever and is added to the above list.

Malaria: Malaria risk exists throughout the year in the whole country, excluding Dhaka city. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine reported in the south-east; resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine also reported.

Recommended prophylaxis: MEF.

Cambodia

Capital: Phnom Penh
Altitude: 20 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers coming from infected areas.

Malaria: Malaria risk - predominantly due to P. falciparum - exists throughout the year in the whole country except in the Phnom Penh area and close around Tonle Sap. Malaria does, however, occur in the tourist area of Angkor Wat. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported. Resistance to mefloquine reported in western provinces near the Thai border.

Recommended prophylaxis (including Battambang and Angkor Wat areas): mefloquine; in western provinces, doxycycline.

China

Capital: Beijing
Altitude: 60 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers coming from infected areas.

Malaria: Malaria risk - including P. falciparum malaria - occurs in Hainan and Yunnan. Multidrug-resistant P. falciparum has been reported. Risk of P. vivax malaria exists in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang (only along the valley of the Zangbo river in the extreme south-east) and Yunnan. Very low malaria risk (P. vivax only) exists in Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Shandong. The risk may be higher in areas of focal outbreaks. Where transmission exists, it occurs only in remote rural communities below 1500 m: from July to November north of latitude 33°N, from May to December between 33°N and 25°N, and throughout the year south of 25°N. There is no malaria risk in urban areas nor in the densely populated plain areas. In general, tourists do not need to take malaria prophylaxis unless they plan to stay in remote rural areas in the provinces listed above.

Recommended prophylaxis in risk areas: chloroquine; in Hainan and Yunnan, mefloquine.

See also: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) multi-country outbreak. http://www.who.int/csr/sars/travel

India

Capital: New Delhi
Altitude: 210 m

Yellow fever: Anyone (except infants up to the age of 6 months) arriving by air or sea without a certificate is detained in isolation for up to 6 days if that person (i) arrives within 6 days of departure from an infected area, or (ii) has been in such an area in transit (excepting those passengers and members of the crew who, while in transit through an airport situated in an infected area, remained within the airport premises during the period of their entire stay and the Health Officer agrees to such exemption), or (iii) has come on a ship that started from or touched at any port in a yellow fever infected area up to 30 days before its arrival in India, unless such a ship has been disinfected in accordance with the procedure laid down by WHO, or (iv) has come by an aircraft which has been in an infected area and has not been disinfected in accordance with the provisions laid down in the Indian Aircraft Public Health Rules, 1954, or those recommended by WHO.

The following countries and areas are regarded as infected:

Americas: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.

Note: When a case of yellow fever is reported from any country, that country is regarded by the Government of India as infected with yellow fever and is added to the above list.

Malaria: Malaria risk exists throughout the year in the whole country below 2000 m. There is no transmission in parts of the states of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, and Sikkim. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Recommended prophylaxis: chloroquine plus proguanil.

Indonesia

Capital: Jakarta
Altitude: 10 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers coming from infected areas. The countries and areas included in the endemic zones (see map) are considered by Indonesia as infected areas.

Malaria: Malaria risk exists throughout the year in the whole country except in Jakarta Municipality, big cities, and within the areas of the tourist resorts of Bali and Java. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported. P. vivax resistant to chloroquine reported.

Recommended prophylaxis in risk areas: mefloquine.

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Capital: Vientiane
Altitude: 160 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers coming from infected areas.

Malaria: Malaria risk - predominantly due to P. falciparum - exists throughout the year in the whole country except in Vientiane. Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum reported.

Recommended prophylaxis: mefloquine.

Malaysia

Capital: Kuala Lumpur
Altitude: 50 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over 1 year of age arriving within 6 days from yellow fever endemic areas. The countries and areas included in the endemic zones are considered as infected areas.

Malaria: Malaria risk exists only in limited foci in the deep hinterland. Urban and coastal areas are free from malaria. P. falciparum throughout the year. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported.

Recommended prophylaxis in risk areas: mefloquine.

Myanmar (Formerly Burma)

Capital: Yangon
Altitude: 20 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers coming from infected areas. Nationals and residents of Myanmar are required to possess certificates of vaccination on their departure to an infected area.

Malaria: Malaria risk - predominantly due to P. falciparum - exists commonly below 1000 m (a) throughout the year in Karen State; (b) from March through December in Chin, Kachin, Kayah, Mon, Rakhine and Shan states, Pegu Division, and Hlegu, Hmawbi, and Taikkyi townships of Yangon (formerly Rangoon) Division; (c) from April through December in the rural areas of Tenasserim Division; (d) from May through December in Irrawaddy Division and the rural areas of Mandalay Division; (e) from June through November in the rural areas of Magwe Division, and in Sagaing Division. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported. Mefloquine resistance reported in the eastern part of Shan State. P. vivax with reduced sensitivity to chloroquine reported.

Recommended prophylaxis: mefloquine; in eastern part of Shan State, doxycycline.

Nepal

Capital: Kathmandu
Altitude: 1300 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers coming from infected areas.

Malaria: Malaria risk - predominantly due to P. vivax - exists throughout the year in rural areas of the Terai districts (including forested hills and forest areas) of Bara, Dhanukha, Kapilvastu, Mahotari, Parsa, Rautahat, Rupendehi and Sarlahi, and especially along the Indian border. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Recommended prophylaxis in risk areas: chloroquine plus proguanil.

Pakistan

Capital: Islamabad
Altitude: 350 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers coming from any part of a country in which yellow fever is endemic; infants under 6 months of age are exempt if the mother's vaccination certificate shows that she was vaccinated before the birth of the child. The countries and areas included in the endemic zones are considered as infected areas.

Malaria: Malaria risk exists throughout the year in the whole country below 2000 m. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Recommended prophylaxis: chloroquine plus proguanil.

Singapore

Capital: Singapore
Altitude: 50 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over 1 year of age coming from infected areas. Certificates of vaccination are required from travellers over 1 year of age who, within the preceding 6 days, have been in or have passed through any country partly or wholly endemic for yellow fever. The countries and areas included in the endemic zones are considered as infected areas.

Thailand

Capital: Bangkok
Altitude: 10 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over 1 year of age coming from infected areas. The countries and areas included in the endemic zones are considered as infected areas.

Malaria: Malaria risk exists throughout the year in rural, especially forested and hilly, areas of the whole country, mainly towards the international borders. There is no risk in cities and the main tourist resorts (e.g. Bangkok, Chiangmai, Pattaya, Phuket, Samui). P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported. Resistance to mefloquine and to quinine reported from areas near the borders with Cambodia and Myanmar.

Recommended prophylaxis in risk areas near Cambodia and Myanmar borders: doxycycline.

Viet Nam

Capital: Hanoi
Altitude: 20 m

Yellow fever: A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over 1 year of age coming from infected areas.

Malaria: Malaria risk exists in the whole country, excluding urban centres, the Red River delta, and the coastal plains north of Nha Trang. High-risk areas are the two southernmost provinces of the country, Ca Mau and Bac Lieu, and the highland areas below 1500 m south of 18°N. Most cases are caused by P. falciparum. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported.

Recommended prophylaxis: mefloquine.

Top | Home